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Bunions |
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| Before Surgery - Most bunions are inherited, however some result from injury. The most noticeable part of the bunion is the "large bump" on the inside of the foot and the movement of the big toe toward the lesser toes. Often, the "bump" on the side of the foot becomes red when irritated. Bunions begin when one of the long bones, the metatarsal, becomes misaligned. The foot becomes wider than normal and pressure is created over the widened area. The pressure causes bone callus growth creating the bump. In most cases, a bursa sac will form over the bump, which creates the redness. The big toe drifts towards the lesser toes because of muscle imbalance. |
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| After Surgery - In order to properly correct a bunion, all of the deformity must be addressed. A variety of correctional methods exists, however the most common is to remove the bursa sac and the bump, then realign the bone by making a "chevron" shaped cut. Once realigned, the bone is held in place with a surgical screw or pin. The patient is required to wear a post-operative shoe or cast, but will not need crutches. |
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Haglund’s Deformity (aka Pump Bump) |
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| This condition is characterized by a bony enlargement on the back of the heel. Although not always painful, it may become so if bursitis develops near the Achilles tendon secondary to footwear irritation. |
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Ankle Injuries |
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The ankle sprain is the most common athletic injury. It occurs when the ligaments are stretched or torn, in which case the outside or lateral ankle is almost always sprained. The ankle becomes tender, swollen, and discolored. Repeated ankle sprains may cause instability of the ankle interfering with walking or sporting activities.
Treatment: Initially the sprained ankle should be treated with rest, ice compression, and elevation (R.I.C.E.). For people with chronic ankle instability, surgery may be needed to tighten the stretched ligaments. Ankle fractures may be hard to distinguish from sprains; therefore, x-rays are always needed.
Arthroscopy of the Foot & Ankle
Technology and unique instrumentation have led to the development of surgical techniques for the diagnosis and repair of joint disorders. Arthroscopic surgery may be recommended to confirm a diagnosis or perform a surgical procedure within a joint using an arthroscopic instrument. Arthroscopy uses small openings, delicate instruments and miniature cameras. These instruments include cutting tools, burrs, graspers, shavers, fastening tools, sutures, laser and electrocautery to control bleeding. |
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